Studies on lung-deposited surface area (LDSA) of particulate matter during 2005–2024

Lung-deposited surface area (LDSA) has emerged as a crucial parameter for evaluating exposure to particulate matter (PM). It estimates the surface area concentration of particles deposited in the alveolar region of human lungs and has gained significant attention in atmospheric science and public health research. This study uses a bibliometric method to analyze trends and identify key thematic areas in LDSA research. We analyze 208 articles published between 2005 and 2024 from the Web of Science Core Collection database. Results show that the United States leads in publication volume, with significant contributions from various institutions and researchers. Through keyword network analysis, we identify six primary research directions: (1) health effects of nanoparticles and environmental exposure, (2) pulmonary deposition of ultrafine particles and their long-term impacts, (3) particulate matter monitoring and evaluation, (4) indoor air quality, (5) the interaction between air pollution and climate change, and (6) occupational exposure assessment. This systematic review provides a comprehensive framework for researchers by synthesizing publication trends, identifying key researchers and research directions, and revealing knowledge gaps. As a result, it facilitates more strategic and impactful research planning in the critical domains of atmospheric science and public health.