Headline: Ensuring Effective Implementation of a High Seas Biodiversity Treaty: Lessons Learned and Options for an Implementation and Compliance Committee

This paper presents an overview of compliance mechanisms (Section 2) and explores good practices and lessons learned from implementation and compliance committees in several multilateral environmental agreements (MEAs), based on an extensive review of the literature and existing provisions, as well as targeted interviews with experts (Section 3). Finally, it provides reflections and options for the development of the BBNJ treaty (Sections 4 & 5).